USA (1969) Artenstein et al
9
| Efficacy | 68 000 | Military recruits | Randomised controlled trial | 2 months | 874-151
| 57, 1004-151 |
USA (1969/1970) Gold et al
10
| Efficacy | 75 000 | Military recruits | Randomised controlled trial | 2 months | 884-151
| 52, 1004-151 |
Brazil (1972) Taunay et al
11
| Efficacy | 135 000 | 6–36 months | Randomised controlled trial | 17 months | NS | |
(24–36 months) | (67)4-151
| (8, 89)4-151 |
Italy (1987/1989) Biselli et al
12
| Effectiveness | 300 000 | Military recruits | Incidence | 12 months | 914-151
| 30, 994-151 |
Quebec (1992/1993) De Walls et al
13
| Effectiveness | 1.7 million | 6 months–20 years | Incidence | 4 years | 79 | 53, 91 |
(6 months–4 years) | (72) | (5, 91) |
Gregg County (1993/1995) Rosenstein et al
14
| Effectiveness | 17 cases | 2–29 years | Case-control | | 85 | 27, 97 |
84 controls |
Catalonia (Spain) 1998–99 | Effectiveness | 1.27 million | 18 months–19 years | Incidence | 12 months | 92 | 63, 98 |
18 months | 92 | 71, 98 |
24 months | 94 | 78, 98 |