Adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) and p values for recurrent psychosomatic symptoms, chronic illness, and low wellbeing
| Recurrent psychosomatic symptoms | Chronic illness | Low wellbeing | |
|---|---|---|---|
| The measure for parents’ labour market participation and the potential confounding variables (social class, family type, parents’ immigrant status, gender, and age of the child, respondent and country) were included in the statistical model simultaneously. | |||
| Parents’ labour market participation | p<0.01 | p<0.05 | p<0.01 |
| One or two parents employed | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| No parent employed in the past 6 months | 1.67 (1.16 to 2.40) | 1.35 (1.00 to 1.84) | 1.47 (1.12 to 1.94) |
| Social class | p<0.001 | p<0.01 | NS |
| High social class | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Middle social class | 1.27 (1.05 to 1.53) | 1.08 (0.93 to 1.24) | 1.00 (0.89 to 1.13) |
| Low social class | 1.50 (1.23 to 1.83) | 1.33 (1.14 to 1.55) | 1.12 (0.98 to 1.27) |
| Family type | p<0.001 | p<0.001 | p<0.001 |
| Traditional family | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Single-parent family | 1.20 (0.95 to 1.51) | 1.44 (1.21 to 1.73) | 1.10 (0.94 to 1.29) |
| Stepfamily | 1.73 (1.34 to 2.24) | 1.59 (1.28 to 1.97) | 1.60 (1.33 to 1.92) |
| Parents’ immigrant status | p<0.01 | NS | p<0.01 |
| Children of non-immigrants | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Children of immigrants | 1.76 (1.20 to 2.59) | 1.13 (0.80 to 1.61) | 1.65 (1.22 to 2.21) |
| Gender | p<0.001 | NS | p<0.001 |
| Boys | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Girls | 1.71 (1.46 to 1.99) | 0.95 (0.84 to 1.06) | 0.77 (0.70 to 0.85) |
| Age (y) | p<0.001 | p<0.01 | p<0.001 |
| 2–6 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| 7–12 | 1.54 (1.25 to 1.89) | 0.92 (0.79 to 1.06) | 1.25 (1.11 to 1.41) |
| 13–17 | 2.59 (2.11 to 3.18) | 1.18 (1.01 to 1.37) | 1.29 (1.14 to 1.46) |
| Respondent | p<0.05 | NS | p<0.001 |
| Mother | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Father | 0.72 (0.55 to 0.94) | 0.80 (0.66 to 0.98) | 1.27 (1.09 to 1.47) |
| Mother and father or others | 1.14 (0.84 to 1.54) | 1.06 (0.82 to 1.36) | 0.73 (0.58 to 0.92) |
| Country | p<0.001 | p<0.001 | p<0.001 |
| Denmark | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Finland | 1.61 (1.27 to 2.05) | 1.37 (1.14 to 1.66) | 1.82 (1.55 to 2.14) |
| Iceland | 1.30 (1.02 to 1.65) | 1.69 (1.41 to 2.02) | 2.61 (2.25 to 3.04) |
| Norway | 1.37 (1.07 to 1.76) | 1.21 (1.00 to 1.47) | 1.14 (0.96 to 1.35) |
| Sweden | 1.01 (0.79 to 1.29) | 0.92 (0.76 to 1.11) | 1.20 (1.02 to 1.41) |