Perceived stress | Adjusted for age | Adjusted for age and occupational class | Adjusted for age and all markers of social position4-150 | Adjusted, for age, social position, and risk factors4-151 | Adjusted for age, social position, risk factors and reporting tendency | |
All cause | High | 0.88 (0.75, 1.03) | 0.95 (0.81, 1.12) | 0.95 (0.81, 1.12) | 0.94 (0.80, 1.11) | 0.97 (0.83, 1.15) |
(1528 deaths) | Medium | 0.85 (0.76, 0.94) | 0.93 (0.83, 1.04) | 0.94 (0.84, 1.05) | 0.93 (0.83, 1.05) | 0.95 (0.84, 1.06) |
Low | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |
p for trend | 0.020 | 0.34 | 0.38 | 0.33 | 0.55 | |
All cardiovascular | High | 0.84 (0.67, 1.05) | 0.90 (0.72, 1.13) | 0.90 (0.72, 1.13) | 0.92 (0.73, 1.16) | 0.94 (0.74, 1.18) |
(785 deaths) | Medium | 0.83 (0.71, 0.97) | 0.91 (0.78, 1.06) | 0.92 (0.79, 1.07) | 0.92 (0.79, 1.08) | 0.93 (0.79, 1.09) |
Low | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |
p for trend | 0.037 | 0.26 | 0.28 | 0.36 | 0.44 | |
Coronary heart disease | High | 0.86 (0.67, 1.12) | 0.93 (0.71, 1.21) | 0.93 (0.71, 1.21) | 0.96 (0.74, 1.25) | 0.97 (0.74, 1.27) |
(590 deaths) | Medium | 0.86 (0.72, 1.03) | 0.94 (0.79, 1.13) | 0.95 (0.79, 1.14) | 0.97 (0.81, 1.16) | 0.97 (0.81, 1.17) |
Low | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |
p for trend | 0.14 | 0.50 | 0.52 | 0.72 | 0.78 | |
Smoking related cancers | High | 0.64 (0.42, 0.96) | 0.71 (0.47, 1.08) | 0.71 (0.47, 1.08) | 0.66 (0.44, 1.01) | 0.69 (0.45, 1.06) |
(269 deaths) | Medium | 0.79 (0.61, 1.02) | 0.91 (0.70, 1.18) | 0.91 (0.70, 1.19) | 0.89 (0.69, 1.16) | 0.90 (0.69, 1.18) |
Low | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |
p for trend | 0.016 | 0.13 | 0.13 | 0.06 | 0.10 | |
Other cancers | High | 0.91 (0.59, 1.40) | 0.91 (0.59, 1.40) | 0.93 (0.60, 1.44) | 0.94 (0.61, 1.46) | 1.00 (0.64, 1.56) |
(221 deaths) | Medium | 0.93 (0.70, 1.25) | 0.93 (0.69, 1.25) | 0.94 (0.70, 1.27) | 0.94 (0.70, 1.27) | 0.96 (0.71, 1.30) |
Low | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |
p for trend | 0.61 | 0.60 | 0.70 | 0.73 | 0.93 | |
Stroke | High | 0.85 (0.49, 1.48) | 0.90 (0.52, 1.58) | 0.92 (0.52, 1.60) | 0.94 (0.54, 1.65) | 0.98 (0.55, 1.72) |
(122 deaths) | Medium | 0.75 (0.51, 1.10) | 0.80 (0.54, 1.19) | 0.81 (0.55, 1.20) | 0.81 (0.54, 1.21) | 0.82 (0.55, 1.23) |
Low | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |
p for trend | 0.32 | 0.51 | 0.54 | 0.59 | 0.68 | |
Alcohol related | High | 1.13 (0.63, 2.01) | 1.29 (0.72, 2.31) | 1.26 (0.71, 2.26) | 1.22 (0.68, 2.20) | 1.30 (0.72, 2.35) |
(105 deaths) | Medium | 0.86 (0.56, 1.32) | 1.01 (0.65, 1.56) | 1.01 (0.65, 1.55) | 0.97 (0.63, 1.51) | 1.00 (0.64, 1.54) |
Low | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |
p for trend | 0.91 | 0.51 | 0.54 | 0.59 | 0.68 | |
Respiratory | High | 1.23 (0.69, 2.22) | 1.39 (0.77, 2.50) | 1.36 (0.75, 2.45) | 1.22 (0.67, 2.22) | 1.38 (0.75, 2.53) |
(100 deaths) | Medium | 0.94 (0.61, 1.46) | 1.09 (0.69, 1.71) | 1.11 (0.71, 1.74) | 0.96 (0.61, 1.52) | 0.99 (0.63, 1.56) |
Low | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |
p for trend | 0.62 | 0.31 | 0.33 | 0.61 | 0.40 |
↵4-150 Current occupational class, occupational class of first employment, father's occupational class, car ownership, deprivation category of area of residence.
↵4-151 Cigarettes smoked daily, ex, current, never smokers, age at initiation of smoking, inhalation, alcohol consumption (0, >0–15, >15 units weekly), hours of exercise weekly, diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg), plasma cholesterol (mmol/l), body mass index (kg/m2), FEV1%.