Number | Plasma vitamin C group | χ2 | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
% Low | % Marginal | % Optimal | |||||
All | 1267 | 20 | 24 | 56 | |||
By gender | |||||||
Men | 632 | 26 | 26 | 48 | |||
Women | 635 | 14 | 22 | 64 | *** | ||
By age | |||||||
Men: | |||||||
25–34 | 101 | 15 | 19 | 66 | |||
35–44 | 125 | 14 | 24 | 62 | |||
45–54 | 129 | 31 | 30 | 39 | |||
55–64 | 142 | 30 | 29 | 41 | |||
65–74 | 135 | 36 | 25 | 38 | *** | ||
Women: | |||||||
25–34 | 135 | 9 | 19 | 72 | |||
35–44 | 127 | 11 | 26 | 62 | |||
45–54 | 117 | 10 | 23 | 67 | |||
55–64 | 125 | 15 | 27 | 58 | |||
65–74 | 131 | 24 | 15 | 60 | ** | ||
By smoking | |||||||
Men: | |||||||
smokers | 321 | 36 | 30 | 34 | |||
non-smokers | 308 | 15 | 22 | 63 | *** | ||
Women: | |||||||
smokers | 271 | 23 | 30 | 48 | |||
non-smokers (including ex) | 361 | 8 | 16 | 76 | *** | ||
By social class | |||||||
Men: | |||||||
manual | 447 | 30 | 28 | 42 | |||
non-manual | 150 | 12 | 21 | 67 | *** | ||
Women: | |||||||
manual | 278 | 17 | 24 | 59 | |||
non-manual | 242 | 10 | 16 | 74 | ** |
Plasma vitamin C groups are Low <11.4 μmol/l, Marginal 11.4–22.7 μmol/l, and Optimal 22.7 μmol/l and above. ***p<0.001,**p<0.01.