The impact of implementation of smoke-free legislation in England on cotinine levels in adults
- H. Wardle1,
- S. Nicholson1,
- J. Mindell2,
- R. Craig1
- 1National Centre for Social Research (NatCen), London, UK
- 2Department of Epidemiology & Public Health, University College London, London, UK
Objective
To investigate the impact of the implementation on 1st July 2007 of smokefree legislation in England on tobacco smoke exposure and cotinine levels in non-smoking adults.
Design
Cross-sectional survey.
Setting
Private households in England.
Participants
Nationally-representative sample of 5330 (2585 male) self-reported non-smokers (never or ex-smokers) aged 16+ interviewed in the 2007 Health Survey for England; 3183 cotinine-validated non-smokers aged 16+ (1441 men) with a saliva sample.
Main Outcome Measures
Mean weekly duration of self-reported tobacco smoke exposure; geometric mean salivary cotinine. Cotinine is an excellent marker of exposure to tobacco. Low levels indicate exposure …
