Table 4 Regression coefficients for the association between parental age at birth of first child and coronary heart disease (CHD)
risk factors at age 53 years, adjusted for childhood and adolescent factors and additionally for number of children and adult
lifestyle and behavioural factors (educational qualifications at age 26 years, adult social class, cigarette smoking, physical
activity at 53 years)
| Outcome | n | Regression coefficient and 95% CIs compared with baseline group of ⩾30 years | p Value | ||||||
| <20 years | 20–24 years | 25–29 years | Trend | Sex int.* | |||||
| BMI (kg/m2) | 0.1 | ||||||||
| Women | 939 | 0.0 | −1.5 to 1.6 | −0.1 | −1.3 to 1.2 | 0.0 | −1.2 to 1.2 | 0.99 | |
| Men | 877 | 1.1 | −0.4 to 2.6 | 0.9 | 0.1 to 1.7 | 0.4 | −0.3 to 1.1 | 0.01 | |
| Waist–hip ratio (%) | 0.02 | ||||||||
| Women | 942 | −0.7 | −2.6 to 1.2 | −0.8 | −2.3 to 0.7 | −0.5 | −2.0 to 1.0 | 0.4 | |
| Men | 877 | 1.5 | −0.7 to 3.8 | 1.3 | 0.2 to 2.5 | 0.2 | −0.8 to 1.3 | 0.02 | |
| SBP (mmHg) | 0.8 | ||||||||
| Women | 928 | 7.5 | 1.0 to 13.9 | 6.5 | 1.5 to 11.5 | 2.9 | −2.1 to 7.9 | 0.004 | |
| Men | 874 | 8.6 | 0.4 to 16.8 | 3.7 | −0.5 to 8.0 | −0.8 | −4.6 to 3.1 | 0.01 | |
| DBP (mmHg) | 0.7 | ||||||||
| Women | 928 | 2.8 | −1.0 to 6.6 | 2.4 | −0.6 to 5.3 | 0.7 | −2.3 to 3.7 | 0.05 | |
| Men | 874 | 3.2 | −1.8 to 8.3 | 3.0 | 0.3 to 5.6 | 0.3 | −2.1 to 2.7 | 0.02 | |
| TC (mmol/l) | 0.9 | ||||||||
| Women | 815 | −0.07 | −0.42 to 0.29 | 0.14 | −0.13 to 0.41 | 0.12 | −0.16 to 0.39 | 0.9 | |
| Men | 782 | −0.15 | −0.59 to 0.29 | −0.01 | −0.24 to 0.22 | −0.05 | −0.25 to 0.16 | 0.8 | |
| LDL-C (mmol/l) | 0.9 | ||||||||
| Women | 785 | 0.05 | −0.28 to 0.37 | 0.13 | −0.12 to 0.38 | 0.12 | −0.13 to 0.37 | 0.7 | |
| Men | 691 | −0.06 | −0.45 to 0.34 | 0.06 | −0.15, 0.27 | 0.05 | −0.13 to 0.24 | 0.8 | |
| HDL-C (mmol/l) | 0.6 | ||||||||
| Women | 787 | −0.07 | −0.23 to 0.08 | 0.02 | −0.09 to 0.14 | 0.01 | −0.12 to 0.13 | 0.6 | |
| Men | 697 | −0.02 | −0.20 to 0.15 | −0.07 | −0.16 to 0.02 | −0.03 | −0.11 to 0.05 | 0.2 | |
| Triglycerides (%)† | 0.2 | ||||||||
| Women | 815 | −3.6 | −19.8 to 12.6 | −1.6 | −14.1 to 10.9 | −1.3 | −14.0 to 11.4 | 0.7 | |
| Men | 780 | −0.3 | −23.9 to 23.2 | 11.8 | −0.6 to 24.2 | 3.7 | −7.4 to 14.9 | 0.1 | |
| HbA1c (%)† | 0.2 | ||||||||
| Women | 817 | −0.1 | −3.3 to 3.0 | 0.5 | −2.0 to 2.9 | 1.4 | −1.1 to 3.9 | 0.6 | |
| Men | 788 | 1.0 | −2.7 to 4.8 | 1.5 | −0.4 to 3.5 | 0.3 | −1.5 to 2.1 | 0.1 | |
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*p Value for interaction between sex and age at birth of first child.
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†Outcomes transformed using 100×loge so that regression coefficients represent percent change in outcome for each group compared with baseline group.
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BMI, body mass index; HbA1c, glycated haemoglobin; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; SBP, systolic blood pressure; TC, total cholesterol.
