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J Epidemiol Community Health 63:967-973 doi:10.1136/jech.2008.079038
  • Research report

Morbidity is related to a green living environment

Table 4

Prevalence rates per 1000 in living environments with 10% and 90% green space for different disease clusters

Cluster Prevalence per 1000
10% green space 90% green space
Cardiovascular
High blood pressure 23.8 22.4
Cardiac disease 4.7 4.0
Coronary heart disease 1.9 1.5
Stroke, brain haemorrhage 0.92 0.76
Musculoskeletal
Neck and back complaints 125 106
Severe back complaints 99.2 65.8
Severe neck and shoulder complaints 75.6 63.3
Severe elbow, wrist and hand complaints 23.0 19.3
Osteoarthritis 21.8 21.3
Arthritis 6.7 6.2
Mental
Depression 32 24
Anxiety disorder 26 18
Respiratory
Upper respiratory tract infection 84 68
Bronchi(oli)tis/pneumonia 16.0 14.7
Asthma, COPD 26 20
Neurological
Migraine/severe headache 40 34
Vertigo 8.3 6.6
Digestive
Severe intestinal complaints 14.9 12.3
Infectious disease of the intestinal canal 6.5 5.1
Miscellaneous
MUPS 237 197
Chronic eczema 5.5 4.9
Acute urinary tract infection 23.2 19.4
Diabetes Mellitus 10 8
Cancer 4.9 4.4
  • This table is based on results from multilevel logistic regression analysis controlling for demographic and socioeconomic characteristic and urbanicity that were centred around the average.

  • COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; MUPS, medically unexplained physical symptoms.

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