Can social factors explain sex differences in insomnia? Findings from a national survey in Taiwan
- 1Taipei City Psychiatric Centre, Xinyi District, Taipei City, Taiwan
- 2Department of Society, Human Development and Health, Harvard School of Public Health, USA
- 3National Taiwan University, College of Medicine, Taiwan
- Correspondence to: Dr Y-J Lee Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital, 7 Chung-Shan South Road, Taipei, Taiwan 100; yuejoeha.mc.ntu.edu.tw
- Accepted 22 November 2004
Abstract
Study objective: To examine sociological explanations for the higher level of insomnia in women, including social roles and socioeconomic status (SES).
Design: Cross sectional survey research
Setting: Taiwanese 2001 “social trend survey”
Participants: A nationally representative sample of 39 588 citizens aged 15 years or older living in Taiwan.
Main results: On average, women scored 1.25 points higher than men on the insomnia inventory (p<0.001) but after controlling for social roles, the sex discrepancy in insomnia decreased slightly. SES did not, however, explain women’s higher levels of insomnia. Subscale analysis showed an association between the role of homemaker and increased night time sleep disturbance and decreased daytime sequelae of poor sleep while higher educational attainment was related only to more severe daytime sequelae.
Conclusion: The sex discrepancy in insomnia narrowed slightly after taking social role factors into consideration but was not explained by SES. The persistent sex gap in insomnia warrants further investigation.
Footnotes
-
Funding: none.
-
Conflicts of interest: none declared.
