Is the hair nicotine level a more accurate biomarker of environmental tobacco smoke exposure than urine cotinine?

W K Al-Delaimy; J Crane; A Woodward

doi:10.1136/jech.56.1.66

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Theory and methods

Is the hair nicotine level a more accurate biomarker of environmental tobacco smoke exposure than urine cotinine?

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	Abstract	Full	Pdf
Jan 2002	58	107	14
Feb 2002	33	44	8
Mar 2002	24	39	9
Apr 2002	32	32	21
May 2002	25	50	12
Jun 2002	8	29	8
Jul 2002	8	12	9
Aug 2002	6	15	4
Sep 2002	15	21	3
Oct 2002	23	20	5
Nov 2002	13	18	7
Dec 2002	10	14	4
Jan 2003	11	18	5
Feb 2003	14	17	6
Mar 2003	7	7	8
Apr 2003	19	12	5
May 2003	19	18	12
Jun 2003	9	13	3
Jul 2003	22	18	4
Aug 2003	28	34	11
Sep 2003	17	33	6
Oct 2003	32	28	10
Nov 2003	25	24	7
Dec 2003	29	21	5
Jan 2004	48	32	8
Feb 2004	16	16	4
Mar 2004	27	21	7
Apr 2004	24	26	6
May 2004	59	53	13
Jun 2004	53	53	24
Jul 2004	65	59	14
Aug 2004	50	111	23
Sep 2004	44	122	16
Oct 2004	41	151	27
Nov 2004	13	138	24
Dec 2004	17	110	9
Jan 2005	33	118	24
Feb 2005	21	105	29
Mar 2005	26	53	30
Apr 2005	16	77	12
May 2005	12	80	19
Jun 2005	8	41	39
Jul 2005	12	77	27
Aug 2005	15	58	23
Sep 2005	12	82	20
Oct 2005	21	70	22
Nov 2005	25	99	22
Dec 2005	15	87	13
Jan 2006	13	68	11
Feb 2006	12	66	21
Mar 2006	9	90	27
Apr 2006	11	80	18
May 2006	24	83	28
Jun 2006	13	66	12
Jul 2006	11	66	20
Aug 2006	20	63	17
Sep 2006	14	84	21
Oct 2006	37	125	29
Nov 2006	27	132	39
Dec 2006	20	67	15
Jan 2007	33	85	27
Feb 2007	13	72	32
Mar 2007	28	129	30
Apr 2007	71	14	8
May 2007	51	18	17
Jun 2007	43	13	13
Jul 2007	43	26	24
Aug 2007	48	16	18
Sep 2007	24	6	4
Oct 2007	28	11	7
Nov 2007	33	19	10
Dec 2007	33	17	11
Jan 2008	48	16	19
Feb 2008	57	11	19
Mar 2008	51	9	11
Apr 2008	53	21	13
May 2008	38	8	9
Jun 2008	42	15	13
Jul 2008	52	16	18
Aug 2008	48	8	24
Sep 2008	54	11	13
Oct 2008	46	11	13
Nov 2008	36	7	11
Dec 2008	21	9	9
Jan 2009	21	20	10
Feb 2009	37	16	14
Mar 2009	40	13	11
Apr 2009	24	4	6
May 2009	19	19	16
Jun 2009	24	12	9
Jul 2009	20	11	6
Aug 2009	23	4	4
Sep 2009	26	7	7
Oct 2009	32	9	7
Nov 2009	16	9	8
Dec 2009	22	1	1
Jan 2010	29	9	8
Feb 2010	19	4	5
Mar 2010	40	7	7
Apr 2010	26	10	5
May 2010	19	10	5
Jun 2010	17	8	4
Jul 2010	16	9	5
Aug 2010	15	4	5
Sep 2010	14	9	4
Oct 2010	20	11	5
Nov 2010	16	21	8
Dec 2010	16	8	2
Jan 2011	19	6	3
Feb 2011	16	11	3
Mar 2011	39	10	11
Apr 2011	30	1	3
May 2011	18	9	3
Jun 2011	15	2	1
Jul 2011	21	5	5
Aug 2011	25	5	2
Sep 2011	13	5	1
Oct 2011	19	8	8
Nov 2011	15	8	3
Dec 2011	8	23	6
Jan 2012	13	18	5
Feb 2012	17	17	8
Mar 2012	11	15	7
Apr 2012	7	31	9
May 2012	9	23	6
Jun 2012	13	22	8
Jul 2012	13	15	13
Aug 2012	10	16	4
Sep 2012	18	22	9
Oct 2012	15	30	24
Nov 2012	30	16	21
Dec 2012	21	15	11
Jan 2013	31	16	17
Feb 2013	22	10	20
Mar 2013	24	23	17
Apr 2013	22	24	11
May 2013	19	16	12
Jun 2013	19	8	13
Jul 2013	21	9	10
Aug 2013	19	10	6
Sep 2013	24	15	11
Oct 2013	18	24	10
Nov 2013	20	38	15
Dec 2013	6	21	17
Jan 2014	21	38	16
Feb 2014	14	23	6
Mar 2014	16	67	12
Apr 2014	16	80	9
May 2014	23	169	13
Jun 2014	24	177	11
Jul 2014	23	52	10
Aug 2014	14	24	4
Sep 2014	27	13	5
Oct 2014	14	48	3
Nov 2014	18	22	6
Dec 2014	11	26	7
Jan 2015	17	26	12
Feb 2015	14	39	20
Mar 2015	13	40	8
Apr 2015	6	69	8
May 2015	20	45	8
Jun 2015	14	44	7
Jul 2015	10	38	6
Aug 2015	11	85	5
Sep 2015	26	15	3
Oct 2015	9	12	4
Nov 2015	10	19	1
Dec 2015	15	26	4
Jan 2016	13	16	11
Feb 2016	15	18	10
Mar 2016	6	19	10
Apr 2016	16	17	26
May 2016	7	15	11
Jun 2016	14	17	5
Jul 2016	17	12	5
Aug 2016	14	14	5
Sep 2016	18	10	6
Oct 2016	16	10	5
Nov 2016	23	14	8
Dec 2016	15	14	1
Jan 2017	26	11	5
Feb 2017	9	1	4
Mar 2017	6	18	3
Apr 2017	6	33	2
May 2017	5	33	4
Jun 2017	22	23	7
Jul 2017	19	16	4
Aug 2017	22	17	3
Sep 2017	42	30	4
Oct 2017	41	25	11
Nov 2017	38	26	7
Dec 2017	26	11	8
Jan 2018	41	27	6
Feb 2018	37	22	8
Mar 2018	25	23	6
Apr 2018	39	29	8
May 2018	45	37	0
Jun 2018	40	33	4
Jul 2018	25	25	9
Aug 2018	17	15	5
Sep 2018	63	51	7
Oct 2018	61	59	11
Nov 2018	55	45	6
Dec 2018	85	67	5
Jan 2019	35	31	7
Feb 2019	66	58	15
Mar 2019	89	78	15
Apr 2019	54	52	8
May 2019	25	17	11
Jun 2019	70	60	12
Jul 2019	55	49	14
Aug 2019	48	44	8
Sep 2019	69	62	4
Oct 2019	88	68	13
Nov 2019	74	65	10
Dec 2019	77	67	11
Jan 2020	45	40	4
Feb 2020	17	11	5
Mar 2020	32	28	9
Apr 2020	13	11	0
May 2020	19	12	3
Jun 2020	13	7	4
Jul 2020	19	17	3
Aug 2020	23	13	5
Sep 2020	25	15	10
Oct 2020	25	17	7
Nov 2020	31	22	10
Dec 2020	35	25	9
Jan 2021	22	16	10
Feb 2021	16	10	8
Mar 2021	25	21	5
Apr 2021	24	18	6
May 2021	28	25	14
Jun 2021	9	9	3
Jul 2021	18	15	4
Aug 2021	20	18	3
Sep 2021	30	28	5
Oct 2021	32	22	23
Nov 2021	42	29	27
Dec 2021	27	23	6
Jan 2022	37	25	4
Feb 2022	30	35	3
Mar 2022	45	38	11
Apr 2022	35	31	8
May 2022	40	38	12
Jun 2022	44	38	4
Jul 2022	66	38	2
Aug 2022	43	41	5
Sep 2022	39	33	7
Oct 2022	78	54	9
Nov 2022	28	23	4
Dec 2022	37	33	8
Jan 2023	37	29	8
Feb 2023	49	39	0
Mar 2023	42	34	6
Apr 2023	24	12	7
May 2023	28	20	11
Jun 2023	29	24	3
Jul 2023	32	30	8
Aug 2023	54	41	9
Sep 2023	37	30	9
Oct 2023	26	23	6
Nov 2023	53	43	1
Dec 2023	161	26	0
Jan 2024	33	3	3
Feb 2024	36	1	1
Mar 2024	188	2	3
Total	7622	8760	2658

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